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When it comes to Yiddish, I don’t know if anyone from my family knew it. Maybe that Grandpa from Zakopane. Probably yes, because he didn’t speak very fluent Polish. Whether Grandma knew it, I can’t say. But she didn’t use it. And my parents didn’t know it, but they knew German, because back then this was Galicia [11], and they taught German in schools. And when they didn’t want me to understand, they spoke in German. But later I could understand a little.
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Interview
Maria Ziemna
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